Which house to build?

In Russia market, the most popular home out of solid wood. Regardless of size, such structures stand firmly on the simple strip footing during the entire period of operation. Their quality depends on two essential conditions: first, the wood must be thoroughly dried, secondly, the need for the regular processing of protective compounds.

In choosing the material for the construction of houses is taken into account the fact that the strength of solid timber, due to his "onion" structure (carrying rod wrapped in a core set of annual rings, through which a beam collapses very slowly, layer by layer), significantly exceeds the strength of beam (in cabins homes even steel rods, tightening the boards, do not always cope with internal stress of living material). However, home from a bar rather easily to give the desired appearance: smooth surfaces are ideal for laying the inside sheets of drywall, as well as for facing brick or siding. Round timber price slightly exceeds the board, but only at a price - the other characteristics are much higher. Houses of "cylindering" is going to quickly and easily, because the number of operations is small. Addition, the use of logs allows you to create a more rigid and dense structure than that of the rod, while improving the thermal insulation properties of walls. After final assembly you can save the natural look chopped walls, trim them to the surface of the lining and any other material.

According to producers, at present, timbered walls often erected from logs with a diameter of 254 mm or 200 mm, which on the outside have a convex surface and the inside - a flat.

LVL houses are not common in Russia because of its high cost. Monolithic beams are glued together with boards of different thickness. Glued laminated timber significantly enhances the construction. He has all the virtues of whole logs, but surpasses it in strength and durability, and no shrinkage. However, the price of glued timber slightly above the cost of bricks, which prevents him from home to become popular in Russia.

It is worth noting the trend of rising interest in the homes of the laminated board in recent years. Perhaps this is due to the fact that this board is already producing a number of Russian companies (formerly glued beams, mainly manufactured in Finland) and it costs two and sometimes three times cheaper than the Finnish. Also increasing interest in laminated logs can be explained by the prospects of wider use of this material for frame construction.

Currently, the most frequently used for housing glued beam thickness of 250 mm. With dense contiguity of all construction joints of the walls of heat losses are minimal. Among the elite housing popular sets of houses from glued beams, derived from the cedar planks, stolschinoy walls of 500 mm. Consider the advantages and disadvantages of the simple houses and logs, as well as a laminated board in more detail.
Houses made of logs

Production log cabins made of logs (the largest manufacturer - Finnish company Honka). Round logs domestic producers can not compete in quality with the sliced beam, as in thickness, and quality connections. Manufacturers of houses made from cylindrical logs recognize that their log-house more suitable for holiday homes, not used during the cold period. Even high-quality "calibrated" log-used in Europe less demand than at home handmade. Demand for "calibration" in our country due more aggressive marketing and low cost.
Houses of simple beam

Compared with walls made from cylindrical logs, lumber walls have low thermal conductivity and in the winter cold to warm up to an unheated house a comfortable temperature for humans can be just a few hours. This can be considered a sufficient wall thickness of only 150 mm. Another huge advantage the walls of cabins is their ability to withdraw from the room extra moisture, their lightness and resistance to deformation. To erect Timber framed houses is sufficient pier foundation or a foundation, called "floating bars". Even under adverse weather conditions lumber house will last over 100 years due to its ability to withstand an unlimited number of cycles of freezing - thawing.

However, cabins and homes have several disadvantages. In the first place you should pay attention to their flammable, susceptibility to the action of insect pests and rot. To avoid this, we need special treatment and special protection against moisture and fire, which requires additional cost and does not always guarantee absolute protection.

If there are restrictions in terms of construction, it should take into account the fact that, after cutting the wooden walls and before they finish must pass the year, because wall before finishing must "settle down". Draft sometimes reaches 10%, which is 4-10 times greater than that of stone or timber frame walls.

Another disadvantage is that the drying timber may be deformed. To avoid this wall should be lumber prokonopatit, and this is - a complicated and expensive procedure. Another way out of this situation is the cabins lining the walls outside and inside lining, or DSPs.

Experts recommend to use for the construction of conventional timber for construction of small cottages and villas, designed for seasonal or year-round operation.

Recently, many companies began producing low-cost hand-made log cabins for $ 30 - $ 50 per square. m log. Demand for such log is widespread due to low prices, and between those producing high competition. The products of these enterprises distinguishes small diameter logs (15-20 cm), cutting without a trace ( "in the paw"), a triangular notch, gapping logs to each other, lack antiseptirovaniya. Use these can be log only with internal and external skin, with an additional warming, their term of service is not more than 30 years. High-quality houses, as a rule, not sheathed - their external aesthetics based on the walls of dressed logs, thermal and technical characteristics of the carcass is such that it requires no additional warming, the pairing of logs is very accurate metal parts in them are not used (house built without a single nail " ).

Manual mode of production log can achieve high quality cuttings, which can not be achieved with machine production chopped homes. Using large diameter logs (from 25 to 40 cm), which significantly improves the insulating characteristics of the house and its external aesthetics.

Often used protesannye two edge beams - polubrus - with thick walls of 20-25 cm and a Norwegian version of the cup.

Pediments and interior walls are made of logs, which allows slegovuyu roof structure. The logs, collapsed, sex and ceiling beams are processed plane, walls of the house did not require further lining. Impregnation of timber antiseptic allows not only to prevent rotting of wood, but to give the walls the desired color shade.

Each timber carefully adjusted to the previous, in the logs is vertical drink to relieve tension and prevent horizontal cracking in the dry carcass.

The walls, both internal and external require further cladding, thermal and technical characteristics of the carcass can not use the additional warming.

We had the opportunity to make sure that the wooden houses, built of traditional materials - timber or solid timber, besides indisputable advantages, have several disadvantages. Typically, the process of construction of the timber or solid timber lengthy, time consuming and requires an individual approach to handling the material. Wood for construction has a natural moisture content exceeding 30%, which leads to shrinkage of the walls at T 10-20 cm on the floor within 1-2 years, and this can lead to cracks and warping in the process of exploitation, exposure to atmospheric effects and biological factors (rot, insect infestation).
Houses of plywood

In recent years increasingly used a more advanced technology of manufacturing of wooden houses from glued wood, devoid of the above deficiencies. Thanks to modern technology made it possible to use glued laminated timber in virtually all structural elements of a wooden house (for wall beams, rafters, beams, etc.).

Technology of glued wood involves the removal of knots and defects before splicing and selection of pieces by color and texture. All this allows to obtain high surface quality and immaculate appearance. Laminated wood retains its shape and size over time, does not shrink, do not twist and bend. This is due to the lack of glued wood internal stresses, as well as the fact that it is made of pre-dried raw material. Structures of plywood are 50-70% greater strength in comparison with whole by gluing in timber slats with a mutually opposite direction of wood grain (annual rings).

Construction period houses from glued beams less than solid. This is because all parts are made with high precision in factory conditions at a constant temperature and humidity, build in-house construction is easy and fast installation on finished basement does not exceed 5-6 weeks.

However uteplit horizontal joints glued structures more complicated than in the homes of traditional materials. But often profiled glued beams so tightly connected with the assembly, there is no need to put a heater in the grooves between them. Yes and the profile of the frames is calculated so that rainwater does not get between them, which protects the design from the emergence of pockets of decay.

One of the few disadvantages of building the house of plywood is its relatively high cost. So the price of one square meter wooden part of the house will be not less than $ 200 and can be provided only to those industries, where production houses from glued beams, placed on stream. Other manufacturers offer laminated logs for a much higher price, mostly more than $ 350.

Often, the final cost is reduced through the use of cheap and low-grade raw materials - the thin. Small-diameter timber is growing almost everywhere, is several times cheaper than lumber, and, in principle, suitable for all elements of the house, except for windows and some decorative elements: staircases and window sills. There are producers who do not take up the construction of houses from glued beams for individual sizes, because try to do model kits houses in factory conditions, thus significantly reducing their cost.